Izityalo zetumato zichaphazeleka kakhulu zizifo zamagqabi, ezinokuzibulala okanye zichaphazele isivuno.Ezi ngxaki zifuna izibulali-zinambuzane ezininzi kwizityalo eziqhelekileyo kwaye zenza imveliso ye-organic ibenzima ngakumbi.
Iqela lezazinzulu elikhokelwa yiDyunivesithi yasePurdue libonise ukuba iitumato zinokuba novelwano ngakumbi kwezi ntlobo zezifo ngenxa yokuba ziphulukene nokhuseleko olunikezwa ziintsholongwane ezithile zomhlaba.Abaphandi baye bafumanisa ukuba izalamane zasendle kunye neentlobo zeetumato zasendle ezinxulumene kakhulu nomngundo ophilileyo womhlaba zikhula zibe nkulu, kwaye zikwazi ukumelana nokuqala kwezifo kunye nezifo kunezityalo zanamhlanje.
ULori Hoagland, unjingalwazi oncedisayo kwezokulima, wathi: “Ezi mbungu zihlala kwizityalo zetumato zasendle zize zomeleze inkqubo yazo yokuzikhusela kwizifo.”"Ekuhambeni kwexesha, sikhulise iitumato ukwandisa isivuno kunye neFlavour, kodwa kubonakala ngathi baphulukene nesakhono sokuxhamla kwezi microorganisms zomhlaba."
U-Amit K. Jaiswal, umphandi we-postdoctoral e-Hoagland nase-Purdue, wafaka i-25 i-tomato genotypes ehlukeneyo kunye ne-fungus enenzuzo yomhlaba i-Trichoderma harzianum, ukusuka kuhlobo lwasendle ukuya kwiindidi ezindala kunye nezanamhlanje zasekhaya, ezihlala zisetyenziselwa ukukhusela izifo ezinobungozi zeFungal kunye neebhaktheriya.
Kwezinye iitumato zasendle, abaphandi bafumanisa ukuba xa kuthelekiswa nezityalo ezingaphathwanga, ukukhula kweengcambu zezityalo eziphathwe nge-fungi enenzuzo kwakuyi-526% ephezulu, kwaye ukuphakama kwesityalo kwakungama-90%.Ezinye iintlobo zanamhlanje zineengcambu zokukhula ukuya kwi-50%, ngelixa ezinye azikho.Ukuphakama kweentlobo zanamhlanje kuye kwanda malunga ne-10% -20%, ephantsi kakhulu kuneentlobo zasendle.
Emva koko, abaphandi bazisa iintsholongwane ezimbini ze-pathogenic kwisityalo: i-Botrytis cinerea (i-necrotic vegetative bacterium eyenza i-gray mold) kunye ne-Phytophthora (isifo esibangela isifo) esabangela isifo ngo-1840s indlala yeetapile zase-Irish.
Ukuxhathisa kohlobo lwasendle kwiBotrytis cinerea kunye nePhytophthora kwandiswe ngama-56% kunye nama-94%, ngokulandelelanayo.Nangona kunjalo, i-Trichoderma eneneni yonyusa inqanaba lesifo kwii-genotypes ezithile, ngokwesiqhelo kwizityalo zanamhlanje.
UJaiswal uthe: "Sibone impendulo ebalulekileyo yezityalo zasendle kwifungi eluncedo, ngokukhula okuphuculweyo kunye nokuxhathisa izifo."“Xa sasitshintshela kwiindidi zasekhaya kuwo wonke amasimi, sabona ukuncipha kwezibonelelo.”
Uphando lwenziwe ngeProjekthi ye-Tomato Organic Management and Improvement Project (TOMI) ekhokelwa nguHoagland, ngenjongo yokunyusa isivuno kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwezifo kwiitamatato eziphilayo.Iqela le-TOMI lixhaswa ngemali yiNational Institute of Food and Agriculture yeSebe lezoLimo laseMelika.Abaphandi bayo bavela kwiYunivesithi yasePurdue, i-Organic Seed Alliance, iYunivesithi yaseNorth Carolina State, iYunivesithi yaseWisconsin-Madison, iNorth Carolina A & T State University kunye neYunivesithi yaseOregon State.
U-Hoagland uthe iqela lakhe linethemba lokuchonga uhlobo lwe-tomato yohlobo lwasendle olunoxanduva lokusebenzisana kwe-microbial yomhlaba kwaye luyibuyisele kwiintlobo zangoku.Ithemba kukugcina iimpawu ezikhethwe ngabalimi kangangamawaka eminyaka, ngelixa kuphinda kuthathwe ezo mpawu zenza izityalo zomelele kwaye zivelise ngakumbi.
“Izityalo neentsholongwane zomhlaba zinokuhlalisana ngeendlela ezininzi yaye zincedana, kodwa siye sabona ukuba izityalo ezisasaza iimpawu ezithile ziyaluphelisa olu lwalamano.Kwezinye iimeko, sinokubona ukuba ukongeza ii-microbes ngokwenene zenza ukuba izityalo ezithile zetamatato zasekhaya zichaphazeleke ngakumbi kwizifo, ”utshilo uHoagland.“Injongo yethu kukufumana nokubuyisela ezo mfuza zinokunika ezi zityalo iindlela zokukhusela zendalo kunye neendlela zokukhula ezazikho kwakudala.”
Olu xwebhu lukhuselwe yi-copyright.Ngaphandle kwayo nayiphi na intengiselwano efanelekileyo yokufunda yabucala okanye iinjongo zophando, akukho mxholo unokukotshwa ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliweyo.Umxholo ubhekiselele kuphela.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-19-2021