Uma kuziwa emaketangeni okusetshenzwa, iningi lethu lilandela imithetho eyisisekelo yesithupha, kodwa uChristopher Smith ukholelwa ukuthi kufanele sicabangele umoya, amagagasi kanye nezitayela.
Amahange amatasa ngokusobala adinga ukuthi usebenzise amaketanga ambalwa kunezinye izindlela zokunciphisa iziyingi ezinyakazayo, kodwa wazi kanjani ukuthi ngeke uhudule?
I-anchoring iyingxenye ebalulekile yezikhali zabasebenzi abahamba ngomkhumbi - okungenani kulabo abangafuni ukuphephela njalo uma umkhumbi uma.
Nokho, esicini esibaluleke kangaka sokuzijabulisa kwethu, kungase kube nzima ukuthola ulwazi oluthembekile mayelana nezici eziningi zenqubo.
Ezimweni eziningi, kudingeka umthetho ofanele wesithupha ongasetshenziswa ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uqiniswa ihange ngokuphephile ezimeni eziningi.
Ngamafuphi, ukubalwa kwemithetho yokuqina akukwazi ukucabangela zonke izici zezibalo eziqinile, kodwa kuyamangaza ukuthi abantu abaningi bayaphuthelwa ukucatshangelwa okubaluleke kakhulu ngenxa yokuthi kunzima ukukuhlanganisa kufomula eyenziwe lula.
Wonke umuntu unemibono yakhe yokuthi mangaki amaketanga okusetshenzwa ukuze asetshenziswe.Indlela elula-futhi mhlawumbe evame kakhulu-kungani ulahle wonke amaketanga agcinwe elokhani?
Empeleni, lokhu ngokuvamile kusho ukusebenzisa ubude obuphephile obuphezulu - noma iyiphi indawo yokubambelela inamatshe, angashoni kanye neminye imikhumbi ehange lapho ufika, noma ngokuvamile ngemva kokufika kwakho.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokubheka amanye amahange, ubona kanjani ukuthi yini ephephile?Ngokwesiko, usebenzisa i-oscilloscope (i-multiple of the water deep) ukuze unqume ubude beketango lehange okufanele ulisebenzise.I-RYA incoma ibanga okungenani elingu-4:1, abanye bathi udinga u-7:1, kodwa kuvame kakhulu kuma-anchorage aminyene ngo-3:1.
Nokho, umcabango wesikhashana ukutshela ukuthi endaweni lapho izinguquko ezinkulu zingenzeka khona ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene, imithetho emile yesithupha ayanele ukuchaza amandla amakhulu asebenza emkhunjini, okungukuthi umoya namaza olwandle.
Ngokuvamile, umoya uzoba yinkinga enkulu, ngakho-ke kufanele ukucabangele lokhu, futhi uqaphele futhi ulungiselele amandla aphezulu omoya alindelekile.Kukhona nezinkinga;kukhona izihloko ezimbalwa noma izincwadi zokufunda kumahange ezingakutshela ukuthi ungacabangela kanjani amandla omoya lapho ubeka ihange.
Ngakho-ke, ngiqhamuke nomhlahlandlela olula kakhulu wokunikeza umthetho wokubala kwesithupha (ngenhla), obuye ucabangele umoya namagagasi.
Uma ungaboni lutho olukhulu kunesiqongo se-“Force 4″ (16 knots), bese ubamba i-yacht engu-10m emanzini angashoni kakhulu, okusho ukuthi ukujula kungaphansi kuka-8m, kufanele kube ngu-16m + 10m = 26m.Kodwa-ke, uma ucabanga ukuthi imimoya engu-7 enamandla (amafindo angu-33) iyeza, zama ukusetha iketango elingu-33m + 10m = 43m.Lo mthetho wesithupha usebenza ezindaweni eziningi okusetshenzwa kulengwa kuzo ogwini uma kuqhathaniswa (lapho amanzi engashoni kakhulu), kodwa ezindaweni ezijulile (cishe ama-10-15m), amaketango engeziwe ayadingeka ngokusobala.
Impendulo ilula: udinga kuphela ukusebenzisa izikhathi ezingu-1.5 isivinini somoya ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono.
Amahange abadobi bendabuko angagoqwa abe yisimo esiyisicaba ukuze kube lula ukupakisha futhi angabambelela kahle emadwaleni nokhula, kodwa izinzipho ezincane kungenzeka zihudulelwe kunoma iyiphi enye indawo engezansi futhi ziyisebenzise njengehange eliyinhloko.
Uma amandla okudonsa emakhulu ngokwanele, amahange e-CQR, Delta kanye ne-Kobra II angase adonse, futhi uma isihlabathi siyisihlabathi esithambile noma udaka, singadonsa phansi olwandle.Umklamo wenzelwe ukwandisa amandla ayo okubamba.
I-blues yangempela iye yakhiqizwa iminyaka eminingi, futhi amakhophi amaningi akhiqizwa, ngokuvamile enziwe ngezinto ezisezingeni eliphansi, ezintekenteke nezintekenteke.Umkhiqizo wangempela ungalungiswa ekuthambile kuze kube phansi kwesendlalelo esiphakathi.Kuthiwa ingaqina edwaleni, kodwa unqenqema lwalo olude lwangaphambili kunzima ukudlula ukhula.
Amahange e-Danforth, Britany, FOB, Fortress kanye ne-Guardian anendawo enkulu ngenxa yesisindo sawo, futhi angagxiliswa kahle ezinqeni ezithambile nezimaphakathi.Ezinqeni eziqinile, njengesihlabathi esinqwabelene nama-shingles, zingashelela ngaphandle kokuqina, futhi zivame ukungahleleki kabusha lapho igagasi noma umoya ushintsha isiqondiso sokudonsa.
Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa i-Bügel, i-Manson Supreme, i-Rocna, i-Sarca ne-Spade.Idizayini yabo iwukubenza kube lula ukusetha nokusetha kabusha lapho igagasi lishintsha, futhi babe nokugcinwa okukhulu.
Isiqalo salezi zibalo ukugoba kwe-catenary emanzini, okudlulisa amandla asemaceleni asuka emkhunjini aye olwandle.Imisebenzi yezibalo ayijabulisi, kodwa ezimeni ezijwayelekile zokubambelela, ubude begumbi linobudlelwano bomugqa nesivinini somoya, kodwa umthambeko ukhuphuka kuphela ngempande eyisikwele yokujula kwe-ancho.
Kumahange angashoni (5-8m), ukuthambekela kuseduze neyunithi: ubude be-catenary (m) = isivinini somoya (ifindo).Uma iphoyinti okusetshenzwa kulengwa kulo lijule (15m), ekujuleni okungama-20m, umthambeka uzokhuphukela ku-1.5 bese kuba ku-2.
Isici sempande esiyisikwele esinokujula sibonisa ngokusobala ukuthi umqondo wobubanzi unephutha.Isibonelo, ukusebenzisa umoya okhona noma olindelwe onguNombolo 5 ukuze ubambe ihange ku-4m wamanzi kudinga uchungechunge lwama-32m, futhi ububanzi bucishe bube ngu-8:1.
Inani lamaketanga asetshenziswa ezimweni ezizolile kufanele lihluke enanini lamaketanga adingekayo lapho umoya unamandla
Njengoba u-Rod Heikell eshilo (I-Summer Yacht Monthly 2018): “Khohlwa i-scope evame ukukhishwa engu-3:1: okungenani hamba u-5:1.Uma unendawo yokushwiba, bese kuthi Okuningi.”
Amandla omoya nawo ancike ekumeni komkhumbi (isiqondiso somoya).Ungakwazi ukukala inani lamaketanga aphakanyisiwe ngesivinini esithile somoya (V) nokujula (D) usebenzisa le fomula elandelayo: i-catenary = fV√D.
Isibalo sami “sesikhonkwane esingashoni” sisekelwe esikebheni sami (10.4 m Jeanneau Espace, 10 mm chain) nokujula okungama-6 m.Uma sicabanga ukuthi usayizi weketango uyakhuphuka ngokuya ngosayizi wesikebhe, inani lizofana ngokunengqondo kuma-yacht amaningi okukhiqiza.
Ukubhukuda phakathi neminyaka ukuze ngibone amaphuzu okubamba ihange emanzini afudumele aseMedithera kwangiqinisekisa ukuthi ubude beketango obungcono kakhulu i-catenary plus ukapteni.
Ubude beketango eligqitshwe esihlabathini noma odakeni nakho kunciphisa kakhulu ukungezwani kwehange.Ngakho-ke ukuqagela kwami okungcono kakhulu ukuthi: iketango eliphelele = i-catenary + ukapteni.
Kuthiwa ukuze intambo okusetshenzwa kulengwa kuyo ingene olwandle, iketango kudingeka lihlehliselwe phezulu, okungukuthi, ubude balo bube luncane kunetha lokuxhumana.Kodwa-ke, yingakho sisebenzisa injini ngokuhlehla ngemva kokumisa-phakamisa i-engeli yeketango bese ucindezela ihange liye phansi.
Amandla okugcina amahange awacatshangelwa lapha.Lokhu kubalulekile futhi kuxoxwe ngakho kwezinye izihloko eziningi.
Amandla esibili asebenza emkhunjini ukumelana nolwandle.Ngokumangalisayo, ungakwazi ukuzikala kalula ngokwakho.
Ngosuku olunomoya, isithuthuthu sikagesi sishayela kancane emoyeni, sinciphisa isivinini, futhi sithole isivinini senjini esilinganisa ngokunembile umoya.Khona-ke, ngosuku oluzolile, qaphela isivinini somkhumbi esikhiqizwa isivinini esifanayo.
Esikebheni sami, umoya ogcwele we-Force 4 udinga i-1200 rpm ukuze ulinganise umoya-ngokuzolile okungu-1200 rpm, isivinini somhlaba singamafindo angu-4.2.Ngakho-ke, amafindo angu-4.2 okugeleza kwamandla azohambisana namafindo omoya angu-16, futhi iketango elingu-16m liyadingeka ukuze lilinganisele, okungukuthi, iketango elinamanzi angaba ngu-4m ngefindo ngalinye.
Amaketango okusetshenzwa kulengwa ngokuvamile amakwa ngesiteji esingu-10m, ngakho indlela engokoqobo ukuzungezisa umphumela wokubala ube ngu-10m oseduze.
Kuwo wonke ama-athikili mayelana ne-anchoring nezingxoxo mayelana nobubanzi, kubonakala sengathi kucatshangelwa ukuthi kuvunyelwa kanjani ukushuba komoya.
Yebo, kukhona ama-athikili we-geek mayelana nobude be-catenary, kodwa imizamo embalwa yokuyisebenzisa ekuqeqesheni ukuhamba ngomkhumbi.Ngithemba ukuthi okungenani ungavusa inqubo yakho yokucabanga yokuthi ungakhetha kanjani ubude obufanele beketango lehange.
Izinguqulo zokuphrinta nezedijithali zitholakala nge-Magazines Direct, lapho ungathola khona amadili akamuva.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-30-2021